We explored how zinc lozenges affect the duration of the common cold through a detailed analysis of multiple trials. In particular, we focused on the Mossad (1996) trial involving zinc gluconate lozenges, which revealed an average reduction of cold duration by about 4.0 days. While that sounds promising, our findings through a quantile treatment effect (QTE) analysis tell a more nuanced story.
Interestingly, the QTE analysis showed that for individuals suffering from lengthy colds lasting 15 to 17 days, the zinc lozenges could shorten their illness by as much as 8 days. On the flip side, those with shorter, 2-day colds only experienced a 1-day reduction in sickness. This suggests that while zinc may help, its effectiveness varies significantly depending on the initial duration of the cold, making the overall average effect less informative than we might think.
Our examination extended to three trials that used zinc acetate lozenges, yielding a similar average reduction of around 2.7 days. However, again, those averages concealed varying effects for short and long colds, highlighting the importance of looking beyond simple averages in treatment studies.
Overall, we observed that zinc lozenges can indeed help with cold duration, but the extent of that help is very much dependent on how long a person has been suffering. This approach to understanding treatment effects through QTE analysis could have important implications not just for cold treatment but also for analyzing other health outcomes.
Read More
8
Zinc reduces cold duration
Zinc Supplementation Reduces Common Cold Duration among Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials with Micronutrients Supplementation.
We explored the impact of zinc supplementation on common cold symptoms through an extensive review of 20 randomized controlled trials. These studies focused on observing how micronutrients, especially zinc, can help manage the cold in healthy adults.
Our findings suggest that while zinc did not significantly prevent the incidence of cold or reduce symptom severity when compared to other micronutrients, it showed promising results in potentially shortening the duration of a cold. Specifically, we observed that zinc could cut down the duration of cold symptoms by approximately 2.25 days when used alone.
This reduction in duration could have a meaningful impact on daily life and overall productivity for those affected by the common cold. It's noteworthy that while zinc proves beneficial, other vitamins like vitamin C and vitamin D did not show the same effectiveness in this context.
Read More
4
Zinc may shorten cold duration
Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold.
We explored how zinc supplementation might impact the prevention and treatment of the common cold. Through a thorough examination of 34 studies involving over 8,500 participants, we aimed to understand whether zinc could effectively reduce the occurrence or duration of colds.
The studies included randomized controlled trials comparing zinc to placebo in both children and adults. Our findings indicate that while zinc may not significantly lower the risk of catching a cold, it could help reduce the duration of an ongoing cold. However, this benefit comes alongside an increase in non-serious side effects, such as an unpleasant taste and stomach issues.
It's important to note that many of these studies showed a wide range of interventions and outcomes, and some reporting was incomplete. Overall, our results suggest that zinc does not hold substantial promise for preventing colds, but it may help shorten the duration of symptoms once a cold strikes.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Effectively combats cold
343 people found this helpful
Zinc is essential for the body. It aids in combating common colds and viral infections, regulates hormone production, and helps with wound healing. I recommend various dosages based on age: 30-50 mg for children and 50-100 mg for adults, alongside vitamins D3 and C. It’s vital to take zinc during cold symptoms, as it assists in fighting infections. With proper intake, zinc can also support other health issues like atherosclerosis and liver dysfunction.
Read More
7.5
Supports cold recovery
253 people found this helpful
Zinc plays a crucial role in immune response, helping with common colds, hormone regulation, and skin health. I take it with my family, and it has no adverse effects on our stomachs. The jar is large and lasts a long time. Taking zinc with food is ideal for effectiveness.
Read More
9
Boosts immunity
246 people found this helpful
I really like this zinc supplement as it is well-absorbed and does not irritate my stomach. The entire family takes it consistently. It helps maintain our immunity and prevents us from getting ill, especially during cold and flu season. I recommend it to everyone!
We explored the effectiveness of zinc in combination with herbal polyphenols against respiratory RNA viruses, including the common cold. In this study, the researchers combined zinc picolinate with various flavonoids to see if it could reduce viral replication and load without harming healthy cells.
The results were quite promising, showing a significant reduction of 50-95% in the genome replication levels of viruses like the human coronavirus OC43, influenza A virus, and human metapneumovirus. This suggests that zinc, when paired with appropriate compounds, may play a beneficial role in treating infections that lead to the common cold.
However, it's important to note that while the study shows a notable decrease in viral activity, it did not specifically isolate the effects of zinc alone. Thus, we cannot definitively state that zinc by itself is effective against the common cold without considering the contributions of the other substances involved.
Overall, this research opens the door for developing a potential treatment that is not toxic and sourced from natural ingredients, which could be effective against various RNA viruses with the hope of remaining effective even amidst mutating strains.
Read More
9
Zinc shortens cold duration variability
Quantile Treatment Effect of Zinc Lozenges on Common Cold Duration: A Novel Approach to Analyze the Effect of Treatment on Illness Duration.
We explored how zinc lozenges affect the duration of the common cold through a detailed analysis of multiple trials. In particular, we focused on the Mossad (1996) trial involving zinc gluconate lozenges, which revealed an average reduction of cold duration by about 4.0 days. While that sounds promising, our findings through a quantile treatment effect (QTE) analysis tell a more nuanced story.
Interestingly, the QTE analysis showed that for individuals suffering from lengthy colds lasting 15 to 17 days, the zinc lozenges could shorten their illness by as much as 8 days. On the flip side, those with shorter, 2-day colds only experienced a 1-day reduction in sickness. This suggests that while zinc may help, its effectiveness varies significantly depending on the initial duration of the cold, making the overall average effect less informative than we might think.
Our examination extended to three trials that used zinc acetate lozenges, yielding a similar average reduction of around 2.7 days. However, again, those averages concealed varying effects for short and long colds, highlighting the importance of looking beyond simple averages in treatment studies.
Overall, we observed that zinc lozenges can indeed help with cold duration, but the extent of that help is very much dependent on how long a person has been suffering. This approach to understanding treatment effects through QTE analysis could have important implications not just for cold treatment but also for analyzing other health outcomes.
Read More
8
Zinc reduces cold duration
Zinc Supplementation Reduces Common Cold Duration among Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials with Micronutrients Supplementation.
We explored the impact of zinc supplementation on common cold symptoms through an extensive review of 20 randomized controlled trials. These studies focused on observing how micronutrients, especially zinc, can help manage the cold in healthy adults.
Our findings suggest that while zinc did not significantly prevent the incidence of cold or reduce symptom severity when compared to other micronutrients, it showed promising results in potentially shortening the duration of a cold. Specifically, we observed that zinc could cut down the duration of cold symptoms by approximately 2.25 days when used alone.
This reduction in duration could have a meaningful impact on daily life and overall productivity for those affected by the common cold. It's noteworthy that while zinc proves beneficial, other vitamins like vitamin C and vitamin D did not show the same effectiveness in this context.
Read More
7
Zinc's unclear role in colds
Potential Role of Vitamins and Zinc on Acute Respiratory Infections Including Covid-19.
We explored the potential effects of zinc on the common cold based on a collection of research studies that investigated its role in treating acute respiratory infections, including COVID-19.
Importantly, we found that while zinc showed some promise in improving conditions related to pneumonia in children under five, there wasn't enough clear evidence linking zinc directly to a reduction in the incidence or duration of the common cold.
Typically, vitamins C, D, and E were examined alongside zinc, with findings indicating that these vitamins did not lower the common cold's occurrence. However, we noted that vitamin C did help shorten its duration and lessen its severity for some individuals, particularly those under physical or environmental stress.
Ultimately, while zinc has been shown to support health in various contexts, its specific impact on the common cold remains uncertain, suggesting that additional research is needed to draw more definitive conclusions.
We observed that zinc has been highlighted as a potential remedy for alleviating symptoms of the common cold. The information indicates that zinc may play a significant role in treating cold symptoms, especially in adults. While conclusive and thorough evidence specifically isolating zinc's effects isn't entirely clear, it is often included among over-the-counter treatments that have shown effectiveness.
Zinc is typically administered to support quicker recovery from cold symptoms, which also include nasal congestion and sore throat. It’s essential that we keep in mind that not all evidence is of high quality, but some studies and anecdotal reports suggest that incorporating zinc may lead to some improvement in symptom management.
Furthermore, it's important to emphasize that when advising patients, we should be mindful of the limitations and mix of other treatments. Although zinc appears promising, it's crucial to inform individuals that effective treatment strategies extend beyond just zinc alone. While the potential benefits of zinc are appealing, more reliable research is necessary to fully endorse its effectiveness in cold treatment.
Zinc is essential for the body. It aids in combating common colds and viral infections, regulates hormone production, and helps with wound healing. I recommend various dosages based on age: 30-50 mg for children and 50-100 mg for adults, alongside vitamins D3 and C. It’s vital to take zinc during cold symptoms, as it assists in fighting infections. With proper intake, zinc can also support other health issues like atherosclerosis and liver dysfunction.
Read More
7.5
Supports cold recovery
253 people found this helpful
Zinc plays a crucial role in immune response, helping with common colds, hormone regulation, and skin health. I take it with my family, and it has no adverse effects on our stomachs. The jar is large and lasts a long time. Taking zinc with food is ideal for effectiveness.
Read More
9
Boosts immunity
246 people found this helpful
I really like this zinc supplement as it is well-absorbed and does not irritate my stomach. The entire family takes it consistently. It helps maintain our immunity and prevents us from getting ill, especially during cold and flu season. I recommend it to everyone!
Read More
9
Helps with symptoms
102 people found this helpful
At the first signs of a common cold, this zinc aids in recovery within 4-5 days when combined with vitamins C and D3.
Read More
9
Essential for colds
90 people found this helpful
I trust NOWFOOD for quality supplements. Zinc is beneficial for alleviating cold symptoms when taken early and shortens the cold's duration. It’s an essential product in my medicine cabinet!
The common cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract, primarily affecting the nose and throat. It's caused by a variety of viruses, with rhinoviruses being the most prevalent. Symptoms generally include a runny or stuffy nose, sore throat, cough, sneezing, mild headache, and sometimes a low-grade fever. While the common cold is often mild and resolves on its own within a week or two, it can still be bothersome and impact daily activities.
Transmission occurs through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes, or by touching surfaces contaminated with the virus. Preventative measures include frequent handwashing, using hand sanitizer, and avoiding close contact with infected individuals. Since there is currently no cure for the common cold, treatment focuses on symptom relief through over-the-counter medications, adequate rest, and hydration. While colds may be uncomfortable, they are generally not serious; however, seeking medical attention may be necessary if symptoms worsen or persist for an extended period.
Zinc is a versatile metal known for its various applications in industry and health. It is a bluish-white metallic element represented by the symbol Zn and atomic number 30 on the periodic table. Zinc is primarily used for galvanizing steel to prevent rusting, in the manufacturing of alloys, and as a component in batteries. Additionally, zinc plays a crucial role in biological processes, making it an essential trace element in the human diet. It is involved in immune function, protein synthesis, wound healing, and DNA synthesis, highlighting its importance in maintaining overall health and well-being.
Zinc has been studied for its potential benefits in reducing the duration and severity of the common cold. Several clinical trials suggest that taking zinc supplements may help shorten colds by up to one day when taken within the first 24 hours of symptom onset. Zinc may work by inhibiting the replication of rhinoviruses, which are common causes of the cold, and by modulating immune responses.
However, it's important to note that the evidence is mixed. Not all studies agree on zinc’s effectiveness, and some show minimal benefits. Additionally, taking zinc in excessive amounts can lead to adverse side effects, including nausea and a bad taste in the mouth. For those considering zinc supplements, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare provider to determine appropriate dosages and to discuss any potential interactions with existing medications. Overall, while zinc may offer some relief for colds, it's best used as a part of a broader strategy that includes good hygiene, plenty of rest, and adequate hydration.
Based on user reviews, the time it takes to see results from taking zinc for a common cold varies, but many users report positive effects within a few days. For example, one review notes that recovery can occur within 4-5 days when zinc is taken in conjunction with vitamins C and D3 at the first signs of a cold Read Review. Other users have found that taking zinc promptly after noticing symptoms helps considerably, with some claiming that they experienced relief almost immediately or within hours Read Review.
In addition to expedited symptom relief, several users highlight the importance of early intake for maximizing zinc's efficacy. Feedback suggests that it may not only shorten the duration of the cold but also bolster the immune system against future infections Read Review. Overall, users emphasize that consistent intake during the onset of cold symptoms is crucial for achieving the best results.
The scientific evidence surrounding zinc supplementation for the common cold presents a mixed picture. While multiple studies indicate that zinc may not significantly prevent colds, it shows promise in reducing the duration of cold symptoms once an illness has occurred. For instance, one comprehensive analysis suggested that zinc could shorten the duration of colds by about 2.25 days when used alone, with some studies reporting even greater reductions in specific cases involving longer-lasting colds [5][3]. However, it's essential to note that the effectiveness of zinc varied significantly depending on the baseline duration of the cold, emphasizing the need for individualized approaches [3].
Moreover, a study combining zinc with herbal polyphenols revealed a significant reduction in viral replication, indicating that zinc might have enhanced effects when paired with other compounds, though its isolated impact remains less clear [2]. While these findings suggest potential benefits, the overall consensus is that more robust research is needed to draw definitive conclusions on zinc's standalone efficacy against the common cold [4][6]. Therefore, while zinc lozenges and supplements offer some measurable advantages, particularly in shortening symptoms rather than preventing them, their role should be considered as part of a broader cold management strategy.
Users have reported a range of improvements in symptoms when taking zinc, particularly in relation to common colds. Many emphasize the importance of starting zinc supplementation at the first signs of illness, with some noting relief from cold symptoms within just a few hours after intake Read Review. For instance, one reviewer experienced recovery in 4-5 days when zinc was taken alongside vitamins C and D3 Read Review. This finding is echoed by multiple users who assert that taking zinc early significantly shortens the duration of colds and reduces the severity of symptoms Read Review.
Anecdotal experiences also highlight zinc's benefits in enhancing overall immunity and resilience against respiratory infections. Some users have noticed that consistent intake not only helps in battling common colds but may also prevent further illnesses entirely, with one user reporting a significant reduction in catching viruses since starting supplementation Read Review. Additionally, several reviews mention improvements in skin health and overall well-being, particularly during cold weather, suggesting that zinc can play a multifaceted role in health Read Review. Overall, while individual results may vary, the consensus among users is that zinc supplementation can be a valuable addition to managing cold symptoms and supporting immune function.
Users report that combining zinc with other supplements, particularly vitamin C and D3, significantly enhances its effectiveness in managing cold symptoms. Many reviewers emphasize that taking zinc at the onset of cold symptoms, ideally alongside vitamin C, can lead to rapid relief and a shorter illness duration. One user noted that they experienced recovery from a cold within 4-5 days when combining zinc with vitamins C and D3 Read Review. Additionally, another reviewed suggested that zinc not only alleviates symptoms but also helps boost overall immunity, resulting in fewer illnesses and milder symptoms Read Review.
Multiple users expand on the benefits of taking zinc with vitamin C, stating that this combination can improve absorption and enhance immune responses Read Review. Others have shared positive experiences, asserting that the duo contributes to quicker recoveries from colds and minimizes the severity of symptoms, highlighting the synergy between these supplements in fighting off infections Read Review. Overall, users seem to agree that supplementing with zinc in conjunction with vitamin C is an effective strategy for managing cold-related health issues.
When it comes to treating the common cold, zinc lozenges have been shown to provide some benefit, particularly in reducing the duration of illness. Research indicates that zinc, especially in the form of lozenges, can shorten the length of cold symptoms by an average of about 4 days. However, this effect can vary significantly depending on the initial duration of the cold. For instance, individuals whose colds last longer (around 15 to 17 days) may see a reduction in duration by as much as 8 days compared to only a 1-day reduction for those with shorter colds lasting around 2 days [3]. Studies suggest that a dosing of around 75mg of zinc per day might be effective in achieving these outcomes [5].
It's also important to consider that zinc does not prevent colds from occurring. Rather, its primary benefit lies in possibly alleviating symptoms more quickly once a cold strikes. Some research suggests that while zinc supports a shorter duration of sickness, it does come with some mild side effects, like an unpleasant taste and stomach discomfort [1]. Given the nuances of these findings, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional before beginning any supplementation, especially to determine the optimal dose and formulation for your specific needs.
9
Helps with symptoms
102 people found this helpful
At the first signs of a common cold, this zinc aids in recovery within 4-5 days when combined with vitamins C and D3.
9
Rapid recovery
2 people found this helpful
I absolutely love this product! At the first signs of a cold, I take Zinc along with Vitamin C (1000 mg). I notice no signs of a common cold just hours later. I particularly appreciate the added pumpkin seed oil.
9
Immune response
2 people found this helpful
Zinc keeps my immune system robust as it’s essential for immune cell function. A daily intake of 80-92 mg can reduce the duration of the common cold by up to 33%. Studies show it significantly lowers infection risk and enhances immune response, especially in the elderly.
9
Essential for colds
90 people found this helpful
I trust NOWFOOD for quality supplements. Zinc is beneficial for alleviating cold symptoms when taken early and shortens the cold's duration. It’s an essential product in my medicine cabinet!
9
Virus resistance
3 people found this helpful
Last year, I began zinc supplementation during the epidemic, and it worked wonders; I hardly caught any viruses. Even with COVID-19, my experience was mild. I now keep it on hand to take at the first sign of a common cold.
9
Cold prevention
10 people found this helpful
Zinc glycinate is well absorbed, especially with vitamin C. It improved my skin and wellbeing in cold weather. After hypothermia, I promptly recovered from a common cold without complications, thanks to the Zinc and vitamin C combo. The capsules are small, tasteless, and easy to swallow.
9
Family use
2 people found this helpful
We took this for the whole family during colds and found immediate relief. I combine it with Vitamin C, and everyone is pleased! Thanks, IHerb!
8
Zinc reduces cold duration
Zinc Supplementation Reduces Common Cold Duration among Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials with Micronutrients Supplementation.
We explored the impact of zinc supplementation on common cold symptoms through an extensive review of 20 randomized controlled trials. These studies focused on observing how micronutrients, especially zinc, can help manage the cold in healthy adults.
Our findings suggest that while zinc did not significantly prevent the incidence of cold or reduce symptom severity when compared to other micronutrients, it showed promising results in potentially shortening the duration of a cold. Specifically, we observed that zinc could cut down the duration of cold symptoms by approximately 2.25 days when used alone.
This reduction in duration could have a meaningful impact on daily life and overall productivity for those affected by the common cold. It's noteworthy that while zinc proves beneficial, other vitamins like vitamin C and vitamin D did not show the same effectiveness in this context.
9
Zinc shortens cold duration variability
Quantile Treatment Effect of Zinc Lozenges on Common Cold Duration: A Novel Approach to Analyze the Effect of Treatment on Illness Duration.
We explored how zinc lozenges affect the duration of the common cold through a detailed analysis of multiple trials. In particular, we focused on the Mossad (1996) trial involving zinc gluconate lozenges, which revealed an average reduction of cold duration by about 4.0 days. While that sounds promising, our findings through a quantile treatment effect (QTE) analysis tell a more nuanced story.
Interestingly, the QTE analysis showed that for individuals suffering from lengthy colds lasting 15 to 17 days, the zinc lozenges could shorten their illness by as much as 8 days. On the flip side, those with shorter, 2-day colds only experienced a 1-day reduction in sickness. This suggests that while zinc may help, its effectiveness varies significantly depending on the initial duration of the cold, making the overall average effect less informative than we might think.
Our examination extended to three trials that used zinc acetate lozenges, yielding a similar average reduction of around 2.7 days. However, again, those averages concealed varying effects for short and long colds, highlighting the importance of looking beyond simple averages in treatment studies.
Overall, we observed that zinc lozenges can indeed help with cold duration, but the extent of that help is very much dependent on how long a person has been suffering. This approach to understanding treatment effects through QTE analysis could have important implications not just for cold treatment but also for analyzing other health outcomes.
9
Zinc's potential in virus treatment
Inhibition of Respiratory RNA Viruses by a Composition of Ionophoric Polyphenols with Metal Ions.
We explored the effectiveness of zinc in combination with herbal polyphenols against respiratory RNA viruses, including the common cold. In this study, the researchers combined zinc picolinate with various flavonoids to see if it could reduce viral replication and load without harming healthy cells.
The results were quite promising, showing a significant reduction of 50-95% in the genome replication levels of viruses like the human coronavirus OC43, influenza A virus, and human metapneumovirus. This suggests that zinc, when paired with appropriate compounds, may play a beneficial role in treating infections that lead to the common cold.
However, it's important to note that while the study shows a notable decrease in viral activity, it did not specifically isolate the effects of zinc alone. Thus, we cannot definitively state that zinc by itself is effective against the common cold without considering the contributions of the other substances involved.
Overall, this research opens the door for developing a potential treatment that is not toxic and sourced from natural ingredients, which could be effective against various RNA viruses with the hope of remaining effective even amidst mutating strains.
7
Zinc's unclear role in colds
Potential Role of Vitamins and Zinc on Acute Respiratory Infections Including Covid-19.
We explored the potential effects of zinc on the common cold based on a collection of research studies that investigated its role in treating acute respiratory infections, including COVID-19.
Importantly, we found that while zinc showed some promise in improving conditions related to pneumonia in children under five, there wasn't enough clear evidence linking zinc directly to a reduction in the incidence or duration of the common cold.
Typically, vitamins C, D, and E were examined alongside zinc, with findings indicating that these vitamins did not lower the common cold's occurrence. However, we noted that vitamin C did help shorten its duration and lessen its severity for some individuals, particularly those under physical or environmental stress.
Ultimately, while zinc has been shown to support health in various contexts, its specific impact on the common cold remains uncertain, suggesting that additional research is needed to draw more definitive conclusions.
We observed that zinc has been highlighted as a potential remedy for alleviating symptoms of the common cold. The information indicates that zinc may play a significant role in treating cold symptoms, especially in adults. While conclusive and thorough evidence specifically isolating zinc's effects isn't entirely clear, it is often included among over-the-counter treatments that have shown effectiveness.
Zinc is typically administered to support quicker recovery from cold symptoms, which also include nasal congestion and sore throat. It’s essential that we keep in mind that not all evidence is of high quality, but some studies and anecdotal reports suggest that incorporating zinc may lead to some improvement in symptom management.
Furthermore, it's important to emphasize that when advising patients, we should be mindful of the limitations and mix of other treatments. Although zinc appears promising, it's crucial to inform individuals that effective treatment strategies extend beyond just zinc alone. While the potential benefits of zinc are appealing, more reliable research is necessary to fully endorse its effectiveness in cold treatment.
4
Zinc may shorten cold duration
Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold.
We explored how zinc supplementation might impact the prevention and treatment of the common cold. Through a thorough examination of 34 studies involving over 8,500 participants, we aimed to understand whether zinc could effectively reduce the occurrence or duration of colds.
The studies included randomized controlled trials comparing zinc to placebo in both children and adults. Our findings indicate that while zinc may not significantly lower the risk of catching a cold, it could help reduce the duration of an ongoing cold. However, this benefit comes alongside an increase in non-serious side effects, such as an unpleasant taste and stomach issues.
It's important to note that many of these studies showed a wide range of interventions and outcomes, and some reporting was incomplete. Overall, our results suggest that zinc does not hold substantial promise for preventing colds, but it may help shorten the duration of symptoms once a cold strikes.
References
Nault D, Machingo TA, Shipper AG, Antiporta DA, Hamel C, et al. Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024;5:CD014914. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD014914.pub2
Kreiser T, Zaguri D, Sachdeva S, Zamostiano R, Mograbi J, et al. Inhibition of Respiratory RNA Viruses by a Composition of Ionophoric Polyphenols with Metal Ions. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022;15. doi:10.3390/ph15030377
Hemilä H, Chalker E, Tukiainen J. Quantile Treatment Effect of Zinc Lozenges on Common Cold Duration: A Novel Approach to Analyze the Effect of Treatment on Illness Duration. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:817522. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.817522
Murni IK, Prawirohartono EP, Triasih R. Potential Role of Vitamins and Zinc on Acute Respiratory Infections Including Covid-19. Glob Pediatr Health. 2021;8:2333794X211021739. doi:10.1177/2333794X211021739
Wang MX, Win SS, Pang J. Zinc Supplementation Reduces Common Cold Duration among Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials with Micronutrients Supplementation. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020;103:86. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.19-0718
DeGeorge KC, Ring DJ, Dalrymple SN. Treatment of the Common Cold. Am Fam Physician. 2019;100:281.